Fowler’s Surgeonfish

Also known as Fowler’s Tang or Acanthurus fowleri.
The Fowler’s Surgeonfish is a beautiful reef tang recognized for its deep blue to violet body with subtle black markings along its dorsal and caudal fins, complemented by a yellow-edged tail. Native to the Indo-Pacific region, including the Philippines, Indonesia, and northern Australia, this active and hardy tang is appreciated for its algae-grazing habits and generally peaceful demeanor. Captive-bred Fowler’s Surgeonfish adapt well to aquarium life and make an excellent choice for intermediate and advanced hobbyists looking for a vibrant, eye-catching tang.

Key Features

Scientific Name: Acanthurus fowleri
Common Names: Fowler’s Surgeonfish, Fowler’s Tang, Blue-Body Surgeonfish
Adult Size: 8–12 inches (20–30 cm)
Lifespan: 8–12+ years with proper care
Temperament: Semi-aggressive; generally peaceful but may defend territory around other tangs
Reef Compatibility: Reef-safe 
Minimum Tank Size: 360 gallons 
Experience Level: Intermediate 

Habitat & Tank Requirements

Natural Habitat: Found on coral-rich reef slopes, lagoons, and seaward reefs at depths of 10–80 feet, feeding primarily on filamentous algae.

Tank Environment:

• Open swimming space is essential
• Moderate water flow to mimic natural currents
• Plentiful live rock for grazing and hiding
• Secure lid to prevent jumping
• Established aquariums recommended (3+ months)

Water Parameters:

• Temperature: 74–82°F (23–28°C)
• Salinity: 1.023–1.025 specific gravity
• pH: 8.1–8.4
• Ammonia/Nitrite: 0 ppm
• Nitrate: <20 ppm
• Alkalinity: 8–12 dKH

Essential Equipment:

• Efficient protein skimmer
• Strong filtration system
• Moderate-to-strong lighting
• Regular water changes (10–15% weekly)

Diet & Feeding

Fowler’s Surgeonfish are primarily herbivorous but will accept prepared foods once acclimated.

Recommended Foods:

• Pellets/Flakes: Algae-based, spirulina, herbivore formulas
• Frozen Foods: Finely chopped marine algae, phytoplankton
• Plant Matter: Nori sheets, spirulina sheets
• Prepared Mixes: Herbivore blends, enriched frozen preparations

Feeding Schedule:

• Feed 2–3 times daily
• Offer portions they can consume in 2–3 minutes
• Variety ensures healthy digestion and maintains vibrant coloration

Behavior & Compatibility

Temperament: Peaceful with most species but may show territorial behavior toward other tangs

Tank Mates: Compatible with most peaceful reef fish including gobies, wrasses, blennies, and non-aggressive tangs. Caution with aggressive tangs or predatory species.

Pairing Behavior: Can be kept singly or in groups in large aquariums. Juveniles adapt more readily to community environments.

Reef Compatibility

• Completely reef-safe; will not harm corals or invertebrates
• Excellent choice for mixed reef aquariums

Acclimation & Care Tips

Initial Acclimation:

• Drip acclimation over 45–60 minutes
• Float bag for temperature equalization (15–20 minutes)
• Dim lights during introduction

Health Considerations:

• Susceptible to marine ich (Cryptocaryon) if stressed
• Quarantine for 2–3 weeks before adding to display tank

Signs of a Healthy Specimen:

• Active grazing and swimming
• Clear eyes and smooth fins
• Vibrant, uniform coloration with bright yellow-edged tail

Color & Development

Coloration Characteristics:

• Body: Deep blue to violet
• Tail: Yellow-edged
• Fins: Blue with subtle black markings on dorsal and anal fins
• Eyes: Clear and bright

Color Intensity:

• High-quality diet maintains vivid body and tail colors
• Proper lighting enhances contrast
• Stress or poor water quality may cause temporary fading

Size & Growth:

• Juveniles start at 2–3 inches
• Reach adult size (8–12 inches) within 18–24 months

Special Considerations

Quarantine is Recommended: Observe for parasites and disease, monitor appetite and activity, condition to prepared aquarium foods.

Captive-Bred Advantages:

• Better adaptation to aquarium life
• Reduced disease risk
• More consistent coloration
• Stronger feeding habits

Breeding Potential:
Breeding Fowler’s Surgeonfish in captivity is rare. Spawning may occur in large, mature reef systems with optimal conditions, abundant grazing surfaces, and stable water quality. Raising larvae is complex and generally requires professional facilities.

Why Choose a Quarantined Fowler’s Surgeonfish?

A fully quarantined Fowler’s Surgeonfish offers better long-term success, fewer health issues, stronger feeding habits, and a smoother transition into your display tank, giving you confidence that your new tang will thrive and display its full vibrant colors in your reef system.